"Bharat" redirects here. For other uses, see Bharat (disambiguation).
This article is about Republic of India. For other uses, see India (disambiguation).
Republic of India
भारत गणराज्य*Bhārat Gaṇarājya
Flag
National Emblem
Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit)सत्यमेव जयते (Devanāgarī)"Truth Alone Triumphs"[1]
Anthem: Jana Gana ManaThou art the ruler of the minds of all people[2]
National Song[4]Vande MataramI bow to thee, Mother[3]
Capital
New Delhi‡) 28°34′N 77°12′E / 28.567°N 77.2°E / 28.567; 77.2
Largest city
Mumbai
Official languages
Hindi, English[show]
Hindi in the Devanagari script is the official language of the Union[5] and English the "subsidiary official language".[6]
Constitutionally recognisedlanguages
8th Schedule:[show]
AssameseBengaliBodoDogriGujaratiHindiKannadaKashmiriKonkaniMaithiliMalayalamManipuriMarathiNepaliOriyaPunjabiSanskritSantaliSindhiTamilTeluguUrdu[7]
Demonym
Indian
Government
Federal republicParliamentary democracy[8]
-
President
Pratibha Patil
-
Vice-President of India
Hamid Ansari
-
Prime Minister
Manmohan Singh
-
Chief Justice
K. G. Balakrishnan
Legislature
Sansad
-
Upper House
Rajya Sabha
-
Lower House
Lok Sabha
Independence
from United Kingdom
-
Declared
15 August 1947
-
Republic
26 January 1950
Area
-
Total
3,287,240‡ km2 (7th)1,269,210 sq mi
-
Water (%)
9.56
Population
-
2008 estimate
1,147,995,904[9] (2nd)
-
2001 census
1,028,610,328[10]
-
Density
349/km2 (32nd)904/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2008 estimate
-
Total
$3,288 trillion[11]
-
Per capita
$2,762[11]
GDP (nominal)
2008 estimate
-
Total
$1,209 trillion[11]
-
Per capita
$1,016[11]
Gini (2004)
36.8[12]
HDI (2008)
0.609 (medium) (132)
Currency
Indian rupee (₨) (INR)
Time zone
IST (UTC+5:30)
-
Summer (DST)
not observed (UTC+5:30)
Drives on the
left
Internet TLD
.in
Calling code
91
Non-numbered Footnotes:[show]
* Bharat Ganarajya, that is, the Republic of India in Hindi,[8] written in the Devanāgarī script. See also other official names‡ This is the figure as per the United Nations though the Indian government lists the total area as 3,287,260 square kilometers.[13]
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: भारत गणराज्य Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east, India has a coastline of 7,517 kilometers (4,671 mi).[14] It is bordered by Pakistan to the west;[15] People's Republic of China (PRC), Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka
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